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Innovation in military flight
Here's information on some of the flying innovations in the military that have come and gone since the invention of the airplane.
At Kill Devil Hills in North Carolina in 1903 Wilber and Orville Wright demonstrated to the world that technology was ready for an invention that would change the world. From that day of December 17, 1903 the aviation engineers have continued to innovate and invent new flight products while always trying to keep up with or even better yet keep ahead of the crowd. The American Military History calls the period between 1898 and 1902 the Emergence to World Power.
 

It was only a matter of time before both the Army and the Navy were to be called upon to support and protect the new American interests overseas.
 
Being one step ahead of the herd in war games is insurance on survival of the fittest.
 
Wright 1903 First Flight
 
Attribution - National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution
 
Wilbur Wright flies the first heavier than air flying machine only 175 feet and Orville duplicates the demonstration soon after. 
The above quote from Chapter 15 in the above mentioned book refers to the change of mindset within the American community whereby there was an emerging spirit of imperialism and a willingness to support a move to expand deeper outwards, globally, as opposed to an earlier spirit of developing the interior of the US territory.
 
 
 
Up to this time the military depended highly on steam propelled fleets of Navy ships and control for coal was important.
 
Here's a brief history of innovation in military flight in America and abroad.
 
From 1902 to 1917 there were great reforms and a period of reorganization in American military procedures. The Navy remained the first line of defense but aviators were quickly being trained to garrison the lines. 
 
In 1904 the Wright airplane received a new 16 horsepower engine but the flight tests failed to produce good results except when a catapult was designed to launch the aircraft. In 1905 a third Wright airplane was constructed this time with a 20 hp engine. They received a patent in 1906 but they refused to fly much until 1908 because of fears of having similar machines copied and patented by competitors.
 
The US government showed no interest in this invention and then Charles B. Flint and company joined their marketing team. They managed to form contracts with the Ministry of War in France. A stipulation of the contract between the Wright's and Flint stated that the inventors would handle sales to the US and England.
 
No government saw potential for the airplane and most doubted that the flight tests were proof that this gadget could actually fly successfully over long periods. No real contracts were ever signed.
 
Then other inventors and aviation engineers came along and were showing similar results in flight which may have given the proof necessary to get bidders into the airplane market.
 
By 1908 the airplane could go 50 miles and US Signal Corps was signing those contracts and training pilots. The french signed the contracts offered to them by Flint.
 
The heavier than air machine was flying and the Wright's were a hit but they were already being asked to make the earliest innovations in military flight.
 
One of these was that those wanting military airplanes were demanding a machine where two people could sit upright in the airplane.
 
So the next airplane came with a 30 hp engine and was a two seater with dual control panels.
 
In 1909 US Signal corps received shipment on it's first military airplane and the Wright's were 35 thousand dollars richer. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
June 4, 1908 - Glenn H. Curtiss wins Scientific American Prize for flying his June Bug Curtiss airplane a full mile.
 
October 16, 1908 - Cody 1 or Army Aeroplane No 1 is built at the Army Balloon Factory in England by American Samuel Franklyn Cody. It is an experimental biplane.
 
1908 - Military Flyer No. 1 from Wright is delivered to US Signal Corps. It's a custom Model A plane.
 
July 25, 1909 - Louis H. Bleriot ends military isolation of the British Isles by crossing the English Channel with is Bleriot XI airplane perhaps proving that these dreaded mechanical flying machines could serve the military in scouting and reconnaisance sorties. 
 
1908 - 1911 - Levavasseur is demonstrating the potential of flying machines by adapting V 8 engines into his designs of the Antoinette.
 
Army Airoplane No. 1 -
1911 - Curtiss' seaplane wins the Collier Trophy for " greatest aviation innovation of the year ".
 
Voisin and Farman and many others were all competing in this race for air supremacy where military contracts could bring great fortunes for the right innovations and and inventions.
 
 
 
 
 
 
1910 onwards
 
Air Balloons were used for military purposes prior to this time but the aircraft was a mechanical device engineered with high powered engines. These military aircrafts were in full use by many countries by the time of the first World War in 1918. This war was fought in the air with military airplane air to air combat or for recon missions or even for dropping bombs on Naval or ground targets.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Resources
  • The world's most famous and magnificent aircrafts - evolution of the modern airplane. David B. Thurston
  • Military Aircraft Insignia of the World. John Cochrane, Stuart Elliott
 
 
 
 
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